This paper brings closer the relationship of the culture and the national existence in the political thinking of Svetozár Hurban Vajanský. The examined material is primary delimited by the articles of S. H. Vajanský in Národné noviny. In the work is analysed the primordialistic and holistic looking of S. H. Vajanský at the existence of the nation and the meaning of the folk culture. In this context is more closely analysed the relationship of the nationally conscious intelligence and the folk as well as the relationship of the nation and the state.